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The hidden risks of floppy ears for rabbits

A lop-eared rabbit attending a vet's clinic.
RESEARCH: A lop-eared rabbit attending a vet's clinic. (RVC)

A study of 435 rabbits makes essential reading for breeders, vets and owners alike


Rabbits with floppy ears are more prone to inner ear disease, researchers have found. The Royal Veterinary College (RVC), which led the study, said the findings highlight the importance of routine checks at the vets to monitor for the hidden and potentially hidden condition to protect the wellbeing of 'lop-eared' bunnies. An RVC spokesperson said the research confirms suggestions from previous research suggesting lop-eared breeds are more susceptible. Ear disease is a problem in part because it can go unnoticed as rabbits rarely display clear discomfort and infections can remain undetected unless spotted by a vet using the relevant equipment. The study involved the examination of 435 pedigree rabbits volunteered by British Rabbit Council breeders, and as well as ear types also looked into whether head shape, bodyweight, age and other features had any link to predisposition to ear abnormality. Results showed that ear shape 'plays a central role in predisposing rabbits to hidden ear disease', with lop-eared bunnies more likely to show nine of the 11 abnormalities assessed, such as ear canal narrowing, abnormal colour, or flaky and wet discharge, which can all be indicators for inflammation and pain, causing a 'serious impact on a rabbit’s welfare'. The RVC said the findings show breeders should avoid breeding from rabbits with ear canal redness, crusting, bleeding or early narrowing or whose parents had this. It added that the study reinforces the importance of routine ear examinations because early detection can prevent chronic inflammation, discomfort and self-injury.

ALL EARS: A vet examines inside a rabbit's ear. (RVC)
Maria Jackson, Rabbit Welfare Research Assistant at the RVC, Registered Veterinary Nurse, and lead author on the paper said: “Our findings have once again shown that rabbits with lop ears are more likely to develop ear problems – specifically, signs of otitis externa – than rabbits with upright ears. "Rabbit owners should take their rabbit for regular veterinary examinations, where the ears will be checked with an otoscope for hidden signs of disease. "Anyone owning a lop-eared rabbit must be especially vigilant for subtle signs of ear pain, such as scratching the ears or shaking the head more than normal, and general lethargy or withdrawal." Dr Charlotte Burn, Associate Professor in Animal Welfare and Behaviour Science at the RVC, and senior author on the paper, said: "This is the first study to have directly and systematically examined rabbit ears outside a clinical context, and it confirms that the seemingly endearing shape of lop rabbits’ ears really do risk deeper ear disorders. "Alongside the physical changes we observed, we documented rabbit behaviour, such as avoidance, shaking their heads and scratching at their ears, and found that the lop-eared rabbits reacted significantly more to having their ears examined than rabbits with 'up' ears. "To me, this indicates that their ears were not only physically affected, but they also hurt more, highlighting the animal welfare burden of this hidden problem."


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